A literature review of assessment methods and impacts of education for sustainable development
The UN Sustainable Development Goals established education for sustainable development (ESD) as a critical tool for addressing social inequality and environmental challenges. There has been a global push to implement the principles and practices of ESD, along with similar educational frameworks of development education (DE) and global citizenship education (GCED). The expansion of these three educational frameworks (DE/ESD/GCED) has required administrative effort and public spending by governments and educational institutions.