A study conducted in Indonesia investigated the impact of outdoor learning activities on young children's self-development. Primary participants for this study were kindergarten students (average 4 years of age) attending a nature-based program where learning occurred in an outdoor setting. The principal, teachers, and parents were supporting participants providing key information about the children and the program. Data collection measures included observation, interview, questionnaire, focus group discussion, and documentation.
Results of this study indicate that outdoor learning activities had a positive impact on children's cognitive development, especially in their academic achievements. Both parents and teachers felt the outdoor experiences helped their children learn English, as well as other literacy and numeracy skills. Teachers also commented on how the outdoor learning helped children gain general knowledge and enhanced their view of the world.
Other gains made by the children were in the areas of personal, social, and emotional development, as well as physical and behavioral development. Both the principal and the teachers noted a positive impact on children's behaviors. Teachers noted, too, that outdoor experiences supported the children's sense of belonging and responsibility. They observed children being more caring and concerned about their environment. The outdoor activities also increased children's motivation and enthusiasm for learning.
The results of this study are consistent with other studies indicating that learning outdoors can promote academic achievement, personal and social development, and foster caring and concern for the natural world.
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