This study explored the relationship between home gardening and dietary behaviors, physical activity, mental health, and social relationships among adolescents. Previous studies on the benefits of gardening for adolescents were primarily based on school gardening programs.
This study used data from the results of a national youth health and well-being survey conducted in New Zealand in 2012. This survey was completed by 8500 randomly selected students from 91 randomly selected secondary schools. The survey included over 600 items relating to adolescents' health and well-being, as well as their involvement in home gardening. Height and weight measurements were taken by members of the research team. Information about neighborhood deprivation and urbanity of residence was obtained from census data.
Two thirds of the participants reported having a vegetable garden at home, and one quarter reported participating in home gardening activities. Students participating in home gardening were more likely to be male, of younger age, and living in a rural area. Students participating in gardening reported healthier dietary habits, higher levels of physical activity, and better mental health and well-being than students who did not participate in home gardening. They also reported stronger family and neighborhood connections.
Home vegetable gardens were less common in low-income households. About 60% of students living with household poverty reported a household garden, whereas approximately 70% of students not living with household poverty had a garden.
These findings suggest that home gardening may contribute in a positive way to the health and well-being of adolescents. This study also indicates that gardening may promote stronger family connections. Health promotion professionals are encouraged to look for ways to support families with the resources and opportunities they need to engage in gardening.
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